Discoveries about the immune system, many made at Harvard, have led to cures for cancer and therapies that have changed the lives of patients with autoimmune and allergic diseases. All Basic Biomedical Science students must complete the core curriculum as well as electives required by their program. The respiratory mucosa employs the innate and adaptive immune system to protect normal respiratory function from invading organisms. The faculty of the Immunology Program is drawn from multiple departments, including Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Medicine, and Molecular Biology & Microbiology. View the affiliated faculty listing for the Immunology and Microbiology Program. These findings will also establish NHRs as evolutionarily ancient pathogen sensors. Cleveland, who studies mechanisms of T cell tolerance, wants to pursue a career in science policy after earning her degree. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that C. elegans HNF4 homologs are an ancient family of pathogen sensors whose evolutionary expansion in C. elegans was driven by their function in detecting diverse pathogens. The approach includes: transcriptomics, global NHR binding site identification, tissue specific rescue, and P. aeruginosa genetics. Because of the flexibility designed into the program, a student may alter career objectives after admission. Disruption in the mechanisms of pathogen sensing and immune homeostasis in intestinal epithelial cells can lead to dysbiosis and inflammation, as well as susceptibility to bacterial infection. Af conidia elicit IL-23 and IL-17 production from the host airways within the first 24 hours of infection. Students complete four laboratory rotations in year one. Pulmonary lung fibrosis is a poorly understood process that can arise in pediatric patients with gain-of-function mutations that disrupt the regulation of the cytosolic double stranded DNA sensing pathway, cGAS-STING. This diversity is a distinct strength of the Program, as it assures the student broad exposure to research topics and approaches. Another recent graduate joined the Massachusetts Department of Public Health where he manages a team providing surveillance for insect vectored virus. Program in Immunology, Tufts University, Immunology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Medical School (Worcester), Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Graduate Program in Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Immunology Program, University of Minnesota, Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, St. Louis University, Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Graduate Program in Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Washington University, Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Immunology Program, University of NebraskaLincoln, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Dartmouth Medical School, Immunology Program, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Program in Molecular Pathology and Immunology, Albany Medical College, The Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Cornell University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Precision Immunology Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, Graduate Training Program in Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Northwell Health,Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, University at Albany (SUNY), Department of Biomedical Science, University at Buffalo (SUNY), The Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Immunology, Microbiology and Virology Program, Upstate Medical University (SUNY), Program in Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical School, Department of Immunology, East Carolina University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Immunology Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology. The keynote speakers usually attend for the duration of the retreat and add a great perspective with their Q&A during talks and poster presentations. The Immunology Program aims to provide a supportive environment that helps each student realize his or her fullest potential. Phenazine toxins are a family of redox active virulence determinants that are produced by a variety of human pathogens, including P. aeruginosa. Chronic abuse manifests as reversible steatosis, steatohepatitis and/or irreversible cirrhosis. In the model organism C. elegans, the HNF4 homolog NHR-86 is required for the transcriptional activation of innate immune effector genes that protect against P. aeruginosa infection. The remaining two years of my Ph.D. (funding yrs 2 & 3) will be spent studying the effect miR-122 and HNF6 regulation of the LETF network in the progression of ALD. Our laboratory has shown decreased miR-122 in a four-week chronic-alcohol mouse model.
Bioinformatic miRNA target prediction tools suggest Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1- (HIF1) is a primary target of miR-122. Largest cities in the United States for Immunology. A unique feature of our exam is that students are mentored by faculty to learn how real proposals are developed. This field of investigation has wide-ranging implications for human health. Finally, we propose to create mixed bone marrow chimeras to test whether any specific cellular source of IL-23 is required for protection against Af (Specific Aim 1). However, when individuals are immunocompromised, Af conidia are more likely to germinate and form filamentous structures called hyphae. The mechanisms of pathogen sensing and immune effector induction in intestinal epithelial cells are not completely understood. Key insights into intestinal epithelial cell immunity and host-pathogen interactions have been made using the nematode C. elegans. In this proposal, Aim 1 will define the role of C. elegans NHR-86/HNF4 in pathogen detection and immune effector induction during E. faecalis infection using a combination of transcriptomics, ChIP- sequencing, tissue-specific rescue and genetic epistasis. Two MD/PhD students in the lab of Read Pukkila-Worley, MD, have each received Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards from the National Institute of Health. Prospective students apply throughGSAS; in the online application, select Division of Medical Sciences as your program choiceand select "Immunology" in the Area of Study menu.
HIF1 is critical to the progression of ALD. For example, some of our recent graduate have joined Amgen, Pfizer, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Moderna, and Genetech. HNF6, specifically, has been shown to function in a positive feedback loop with miR-122. The following key findings support this hypothesis: (i) The nuclear hormone receptor, NHR-86/HNF4, senses the cellular environment and activates C. elegans intestinal immune defenses; (ii) NHR-86/HNF4 is required for pathogen resistance and immune response towards the gram positive human pathogen E. faecalis; and (iii) A different C. elegans HNF4 homolog is required for pathogen defense and immune effector regulation against the gram negative pathogen P. aeruginosa. However their role in innate immunity against Af is largely unknown. 
Aim 1 elucidates the underlying epigenetic inheritance mechanism through kinetic analysis of sperm sncRNA and early embryo development. IMP graduates pursue both academic and industry career tracks. The Immunology Program is dedicated to the premise that a diverse student body enriches the educational experience of all. In particular, HNF4 is an NHR expressed in the intestine. Ultimately, the expectation is that detailed dissection of this mechanism will shed light on the role of HNF4 in mammalian pathogen sensing and inflammatory bowel disease. IELTS minimum score: 7, Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Campus Center Epigenetic inheritance is a process by which parental exposure to environmental factors influences offspring phenotype. Typically, graduates of the Program generate at least two first author papers based on their research. Wildlife and Fisheries Management & Conservation, University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester. Af can also colonize the airways of those who suffer from asthma or cystic fibrosis causing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which affects over 4 million people annually worldwide. Regardless abstinence, 5-15% of patients with steatohepatitis still progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While these phenotypes are robust, the underlying mechanism of information transfer to offspring remains to be determined. PhD candidate Sarah Clevelands mission is to ensure that diverse voices are represented and heard. Research has also led to vaccines against newer pathogens, including the virus that causes COVID-19. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences In fact, one recent graduate has pursued both, with an academic postdoc, supported by an EMO Fellowship, at the CMM in Vienna and then founded a biotech startup, Allcyte, where he is currently serving as CSO. Mice will be sacrificed on day 30 to assess regeneration. Cambridge, MA 02138-3654, TEL617-495-5315 The Health Sciences Campus is home to GSBS, the Schools of Medicine, Dental Medicine, Nutrition, Tufts Medical Center and several research institutes. NHRs are ligand-gated transcription factors that sense endogenous and exogenous signals to induce adaptive transcriptional responses. , Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medicine, Clinician, Faculty, Student, Immunology and Microbiology, MD/PhD, Student Spotlight. HNF4 is a key NHR involved in inflammatory bowel disease, though the mechanism through which HNF4 mediates inflammatory bowel disease in humans is unknown. Others have pursued careers in intellectual property and the law, for example at Lathrop GPM. Specific Aim 2 will examine the effect of miR-122, its overexpression and knockdown, on HNF6 in a chronic-alcohol model. Our students are involved in exciting research that spans basic immunology, vaccine research, cancer immunology, mucosal immunity, neuroimmunology, and so much more. From a preliminary screen, we have uncovered candidate cell types that may be involved in the production of IL-23. Upon successful completion of the first year courses and the qualifying examination, students select a research mentor and begin their thesis work. 
This ubiquitous fungus enters the airways as a spore, or resting conidium but is generally cleared by intact respiratory defenses. This project will define the role that B cells play in mediating lung fibrosis in a mouse model of STING gain-of- function autoinflammation that recapitulates a human disease known as STING Associated Vasculopathy with onset in Infancy (SAVI). You can find information about granted degrees on a university page but always double-check with the university website. Finally, the role of IL-17 in protection against f infection will also be tested by monitoring the survival of IL-17RA-/- mice and WT mice (Specific Aim 2). University of Alabama at Birmingham, Graduate Study in Immunology, University of Arizona, Department of Immunobiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Graduate Program in Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, City of Hope, Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, Doctoral Program in Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Graduate Group in Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Institute for Immunology, University of California, San Diego, Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, Immunology Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, The Stanford Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Immunology Graduate Program, Yale University, Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Immunology Track, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedican Sciences, Emory University, Program in Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis, Loyola University Health System, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin UniversityGraduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology, Rush University, Department of Immunity and Emerging Pathogens, University of Chicago, Biomedical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Louisville,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Immunology Graduate Program, Uniformed Services University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Baltimore, Graduate Program in Life Sciences Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Boston University School of Medicine, Immunology Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Master of Medical Sciences (MMSc) in Immunology Program, Harvard Medical School, Ph.D. Research with animal models has mirrored these findings and offers tools for disentangling the underlying mechanisms of epigenetic information transfer from parent to offspring. C57Bl/6 mice will be transfected using a hepatocyte-tropic adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (rAAV) vector to either knockdown or overexpress miR-122 via tough decoy (TuD) or the miR-122 respectively. Specific Aim 1 will study the role of miR-122 in the pathogenesis of chronic alcohol-induced hepatitis. A graph of 3.31M citations received by 29.9K academic papers made by 13 universities in Massachusetts was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores. Boston, MA 02111. I have established an epigenetic inheritance model in which paternal influenza infection, with virus elimination and disease recovery prior to mating, results in an adaptive attenuation of disease severity (significantly decreased weight loss) in response to influenza infection in offspring, as well as a maladaptive altered glucose metabolism. 1350 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 350 Sometimes this knowledge is translated into therapeutic advances. Students are required to participate in classroom teaching for one semester. Many are faculty members at Harvard University; Yale University; Stanford University; University of Pennsylvania; Emory University; University of California, San Francisco; and elsewherewhile others have embarked on successful careers in pharma, biotech, and investing at many organizations including Pfizer, Janssen, Genentech, and Flagship Pioneering. In vitro fertilization experiments demonstrate that sperm carry sufficient information to propagate epigenetic phenotypes across generations, and research with these paternal epigenetic inheritance models has identified sperm-associated small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) as carriers of information from father to offspring. Beyond the first-year Introduction to Immunology and Biochemistry courses, all courses are based on primary sources and are taught as interactive tutorials. This proposal addresses the hypothesis that influenza virus-induced changes in sperm-associated sncRNA populations alter embryo development resulting in offspring metabolic and immune phenotypes. Nematodes mount innate immune defenses against bacterial infection via conserved immune pathways, but the mechanisms of pathogen detection are unknown in this organism. The relationship between IL-23 and IL-17 is referred to as the IL-23/IL-17 axis and this proposal aims to systematically characterize each portion of this axis in the innate response against Af conidia, and test whether this response is required for protection against this mycosis. Thesis research experience is considered the core of a student's training. EduRank.org is an independent metric-based ranking of 14,131 universities from 183 countries for 246 topics. MiR-122 has been correlated with a network of Liver Enriched Transcription Factors (LETFs). There is a full-scale war going on in Europe. To test whether IL-23 production is protective against mortality in Af infection, the survival rates of wild-type (WT) mice will be compared to a functional IL-23 knock-out strain (IL-23p19-/-). Training in fellowship grant writing is provided. Suite 813 Our students and faculty participate in the programs weekly seminar series that brings together a diverse group of faculty, students, postdocs, and alumni who listen to cutting-edge science and congregate afterward for wine, cheese, and stimulating informal discussions on immunology. First, is the development of steatosis though inhibition of HIF1 and secondly, is the regeneration after alcohol and APAP-induced liver injury.. On day 28 mice will be withdrawn from alcohol and given 150- mg/kg acetaminophen (APAP). The purpose of this examination is to test the ability of the student to create and critically test hypotheses. We don't distinguish between undergraduate and graduate programs nor do we adjust for current majors offered. Many training-grant eligible IMP students are supported by T32 for one or more years. During the first academic year students complete an Introductory course in immunology, biochemistry, advanced cellular immunology, signaling in cells of the immune system and the genetic analysis of immune responses. Students are encouraged to work hard, be creative and have the confidence to be exploratory, yet at the same time to understand that science flourishes in an atmosphere of cooperation and collaboration. IMP hosts an annual retreat featuring our faculty and students presenting their more recent research, as well as an invited keynote speaker. To test whether IL-23 augments IL-17 production innately in response to Af, IL-17 levels will be assessed in IL-23p19-/- mice and WT mice. In order to characterize the temporal production pattern of IL-23, we will measure levels of this cytokine at regular intervals in the fist 72 hours of infection by ELISA. This research will provide valuable insight into the mechanism underlying epigenetic inheritance, and do so within the context of a novel epigenetic inheritance model with direct relevance to human health. Phone: (301) 634-7178 | Fax: (301) 634-7887, Home | Contact Us | Privacy Policy | Advertise | Job Postings | Site Map, We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. View PhD Program Schedule | View Courses, PROGRAM DIRECTORAnn Moormann, PhD, MPHProfessoremail Dr. Moormann, IMMUNOLOGY ADVISORNeal Silverman, PhDProfessoremail Dr. Silverman | Silverman Lab, VIROLOGY ADVISORTrudy Morrison, PhDProfessoremail Dr. Morrison | Morrison Lab, BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS ADVISORBeth McCormick, PhDProfessoremail Dr. McCormick | McCormick Lab. Immunology is an area of study within the Division of Medical Sciences, an administrative unit based at Harvard Medical School that coordinates biomedical PhD activities at the Longwood Medical Area. Support to attend national meetings is available. Training grants include: MD/PhD candidate Nick Peterson is studying host-pathogen interactions in the Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology and is co-chair of the MD/PhD Curriculum Committee. An estimated 200,000 people are diagnosed with invasive aspergillosis annually worldwide, and up to 90% die from the infection. Administrative Offices Stearns 514 Phone: 617-636-6836 Fax: 617-636-2990. , Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty, Student, Postdoctoral Scholar, Immunology and Microbiology, Brian Lewis, Pathology, Student Spotlight. In addition, IMP organizes several social and informational sessions each fall to welcome new students. The mice will be treated and assayed as described above. Recent keynote speakers have included Ramnik Xavier (MGH), Greg Barton (UC Berkeley) and Neal Alto (UTSW). E-mail:GSBSwebsite@umassmed.edu
Many other graduates take positions directly after completing their degree in the local biopharma industry where expertise in immunology is in high demand. Please direct admissions questions to: GSBSAdmissions@umassmed.edu, Please review the Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Privacy Notice, This is an official Page of the UMass Chan Medical School, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 55 Lake Ave North Worcester, Massachusetts 01655-0116, Questions or Comments? These introduce the student to hands-on experience in a variety of techniques and research problems and familiarize them with potential thesis laboratories. We integrate clinical studies and patient contact throughout the training period. 145 Harrison Avenue Pathogenic bacteria can express virulence determinants. In addition, we have evidence that IL-23 and IL-17A are co-produced by one innate cell type in response Af, we propose to test and dissect any potential autocrine mechanisms in this cell type. Nuclear hormone receptors (NHR) are transcription factors that program adaptive host responses following recognition of specific exogenous or endogenous ligands. 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, Maryland 20852
The expectation is that the results of these studies will offer insights into the mechanisms by which B cell contribute to fibrotic lung disease and assess, using murine models, whether targeting B cells is a valid strategy for prophylactically treating lung fibrosis. Aim 2 will characterize the function of a separate C. elegans HNF4 homolog in pathogen sensing during P. aeruginosa infection. In addition to the retreat, IMP organizes a robust, semester-long seminar program where outside experts in the field visit campus for a day, present their current research and interact with students and faculty. GRE Subject: Optional GRE General: Optional The Program has a student advisor who acts as an ombudsperson and student advocate. We will also examine if miR-122 can reduce ALD through enhancement of HNF6 and the LETF network. The following key preliminary findings support this central hypothesis: i) P. aeruginosa mutants that cannot make phenazine toxins do not activate C. elegans innate immune defenses; ii) synthetic phenazine toxins can activate immune genes; and iii) induction of immune genes by phenazine toxins is dependent on the expression of NHR-86/ HNF4. Livers sections will be analyzed histologically for morphological changes, lipid accumulation, and regeneration. Because many at risk for IA are transplant patients who are iatrogenically immunosuppressed, knowledge of the factors leading to protection against aspergillosis could also inform development of targeted immunosuppressive agents that keep defenses against opportunistic infections intact. After a summer that introduces clinical aspect of inflammation and pathogenesis first year students become thoroughly immersed in immunology through foundation and advanced courses in the discipline. training while finalizing any work required for publication. Students begin the program in the summer with introductory courses and by pairing with clinical mentors that provide direct contact with patients, their diseases and their physicians. An associated problem-based learning course provides interactive training in the analysis of pathogenesis. MERGE-INF is specifically designed to provide strong training in basic molecular and cellular immunology, the immunology of chronic diseases, as well as in-depth knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases including infections. Collectively, these studies will characterize a fundamentally new paradigm of immune activation, which will solve a major conundrum of how pathogens are sensed in C. elegans. Studies have demonstrated the role of miR-122 as a mediator of hepatic metabolism, cellular differentiation and the development of HCC. Students enter their labs at the beginning of year two. For the latest COVID-19 campus news and resources, visit umassmed.edu/coronavirus. Epidemiologic studies have shown that exposure of parents or grandparents to starvation, trauma, cigarette smoke, or other stressors alters offspring susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, obesity, lung disease, or other conditions. Given the prevalence of inflammation in the human population, it is clear that research in inflammatory disease and related mechanisms should be a major scientific and medical priority. Below is the list of best universities in Massachusetts ranked based on their research performance in Immunology. In preliminary experiments to address the mechanism I have found that influenza infection alters sperm-associated sncRNA. FAX617-495-2928 Additional mechanisms of pathogen sensing must exist that allow intestinal cells to target inflammatory defenses towards bona fide pathogens during an infection, and not harmless commensal bacteria. Our graduates have consistently gone on to become leaders in academia and industry. Alcohol abuse has been attributed to 3.2% of the world's disease burden. We do not store personal data in cookies. The realization on the part of the scientific and medical communities that inflammation plays a role in many diseases, causing substantial morbidity and contributing to mortality, has fundamentally changed how we think about pathogenesis. The Immunology and Microbiology Program (IMP) is administered by an interdepartmental group that includes faculty with diverse research interests, including the molecular and cellular basis of immune responsiveness, molecular mechanisms of viral replication, host-pathogen interactions, and the control of viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. Students who study in Immunology receive a PhD in medical sciences. Always check official university websites for current information. Such research has been greatly enabled by recent technological advances, including next generation sequencing and fundamental discoveries like microRNA biology. Phone:508-856-4135, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. The C. elegans genome encodes 274 NHRs, of which 260 are homologs of human HNF4. Collectively, we propose to examine two potential avenues by which miR-122 may serve as a potential therapeutic modality. In nematodes, the family of nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) has dramatically expanded compared to other metazoans. iBT TOEFL minimum score:100 In this program, you will join an amazing community of people who are fascinated by the intricate workings of the immune system and are passionate about digging deeper to understand how this system works in granular detail. The rAAV8 vector stated above will deliver anti- HNF6 shRNA or rHNF6 in vivo. A better understanding of this response may uncover nuances associated with the host defects that predispose to infection with Af, as well as potentially inform rational vaccine design and immunotherapies against Af. We are looking for students with a curiosity-driven passion for research and the ability to perform laboratory-based experiments. As this morphotype, Af can become invasive particularly in persons with low neutrophil counts. The role of miR-122 in ALD is unknown. P. aeruginosa can colonize the intestines of immunocompromised patients and cause fulminant septicemia and subsequent death. Although commensal and pathogenic bacteria can be recognized by host pattern recognition receptors, intestinal epithelial cells target protective inflammatory responses towards pathogenic organisms through mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Studies proposed here seek to further understand the intact innate immune response to Af conidia, particularly the involvement of interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-17 (IL-17). EMAILgsas@fas.harvard.edu, Privacy| Digital Accessibility | Report Copyright Infringement, 2020The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Aim 2 determines the specificity of the offspring epigenetic inheritance phenotype to the paternal stressor both directly by challenging with a non-cross reactive strain of influenza virus, and indirectly by further metabolic phenotyping to determine if paternal influenza infection alters glucose homeostasis and liver gene expression in the offspring in ways similar to other paternal stressors. The temporal pattern of production for IL-17 and its source will also be characterized in the first 72 hours of infection with Af using methods described above. Insights from these findings may identify unexplored approaches for the development of anti-inflammatory and anti-infective therapies. IL-23 has been shown to augment IL-17 production, and in turn IL-17 elicits neutrophil recruitment. These cytokines are known to be important for the adaptive TH17 response.
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