3. Inspect screw-conveyor bearings for lubrication. Interception: Finer particles while not directly coming in contact with the droplets, do however brush up against the side of them causing them to be absorbed into the liquid. Within the category of Packed Bed Scrubbers there are three different variations on the implementation of this filtering mechanism they are: Cross-flow scrubbers are designed to minimize height for low-profile applications. The Gas stream enters into the Scrubber through a Venturi shaped inlet where it is sprayed with water. These are called positive pressure systems. Without considering the specific of the process. Collectors can be arranged to unload their collected matter either in a continuous mode or at a predetermined time interval. Clean, if necessary. The dust filled air then needs to be treated and the contaminates removed, before the air can be recirculated back into the facility or dispersed into the atmosphere.
Air Slides The incoming Gases pass by the first set of Discharging Electrodes (ionizing section) that give the particles a negative charge (ionization). PJ = Pulse Jet. How to Choose the Correct Baghouse Filter, Have low collection efficiency for respirable particulates, Can be used as precleaners to remove coarser particulates and reduce load on more efficient dust collectors, Suffer decreased efficiency if gas viscosity or gas density increases, Can be designed to remove a specific size range of particles, Have drastically reduced efficiency due to reduction in airflow rate, Are more efficient than single-cyclone separators, Are prone to plugging due to smaller diameter tubes, Have low pressure drop when used as a precleaner, Improper gas distribution may result in dirty gas bypassing several tubes, For a given gas volume, occupy more space than single-cyclone separators, High concentrations of heavy, hard, sharp-edged particles. The dirty water collects at the bottom of the tank and the clean air (mist) exits from the top of the collector. 3.
To recover valuable products from the dust filled air Treatment necessary before final disposal. Again the main difference in this style of Baghouse system when compared to others is the cleaning mechanism. In such a system, a very large baghouse is split into multiple compartments internally. In this design the packed media is laid as sheets perpendicular to the Gas stream. Air moves from the dirty side to the clean side of the baghouse and out the exhaust. Conduct same startup procedures as cyclones. This causes wear and tear on the fan, which is a very expensive piece of equipment. Removal of collected matter from dry systems can also result in secondary causes of dust pollution and contamination. The same basic mechanics are present in all of them, the main difference being how filter bags are cleaned. To the point, what are the possibilities for dry treatment for the so-called moist (sticky) dust, considering dry applications? Use motor current readings to detect flow decreases. Within this category there are two main types of systems in use: Single Cyclone systems Centrifugal Collectors create a vortex in the airstream within an enclosure, similar to water going down a drain. Start fans and pumps to check their rotation. 4. While they can be fitted with wear protection, this type of blade can still become backed up if the particle load gets to be too heavy. Low- to medium-energy scrubbers (2.5 to 6) This is accomplished by means of a Mist Eliminator (Demister Pads). 1. As with Settling Chambers this type of collector is best used as a precleaner for another more efficient collector further in the collection system. Once in the collector, the solid waste settles to the bottom where it is removed by means of a drag chain system to be deposited in a dumpster or another collection area. Ensure that scrubber is installed vertically. Your email address will not be published. Packed Bed Scrubbers consist of a bed of packing media, which is then sprayed with water. Similar to a Baghouse, the Gas stream is forced through the outside of the cartridge to the inside where it then exits back into the system. An example of an Air to Cloth Ratio is provided below courtesy of http://www.usairfiltration.com, (Bag diameter in inches x pi x bag length in inches) Axial-flow fans. They also require large initial investments of capital and have higher operating costs. In this system, a cleaning cycle starts with injecting clean air into the Collector in the reverse direction of the normal flow. However, I suspect that the valves are not completely closed off..am I incorrect??? Often this process is done while the collector is still operating. Dust is collected and deposited into a hopper, which then can be removed later for cleaning. While using a Wet Scrubber System will eliminate this concern, proper handling of slurry created during the cleaning cycle will involve an entirely different set of problems, such as precautions against water pollution, and proper care and maintenance of the retention ponds. The plates are then cleaned by vibrating the plates causing the debris to fall into a hopper or collection bin below. In a Reverse Air Baghouse, filter bags are connected to a cell plate on the bottom of the Baghouse and are suspended from an adjustable hanger frame on top. Measure Baghouse temperature and check that it is high enough to prevent moisture condensation. The large amount of different Wet Scrubbers in use makes it impossible to comment on every single design in this article. The pulse jets still fire against the flow of air in the unit, but this is overcome by using compressed air, usually at 70 80 PSI. Measure temperature rise across motor. Fill large-volume basins from external sources. Which cause the excess cake dust to fall off into hopper at the bottom of the Baghouse where it can be collected. Keep gas stream temperature above dewpoint. Between the two, the Multiple Cyclone Collector will operate more efficiently because of being longer in length and smaller in dynamiter. After the Airstream has been cleaned, the dust that has been collected must be disposed of in a proper way to ensure that recontamination is avoided. Open bleed to pond, thickener, or other drain systems so slurry concentration can build slowly. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. The Tube Axial design is very similar to a normal propeller type fan, except that the propeller is enclosed in an open ended cylinder. The gas temperature during operation needs to be higher than the dew point temperature. A cleaning system designed to remove collected particles from the Electrode collection plates Lubricate damper drive mechanisms and bearings. Since the actual motor is totally enclosed this design provides the best protection against dust and other contaminates that might damage the motor if allowed inside.
Check duct for dust buildup. Without an automated self-cleaning feature, this type of collector can very easily reach its maximum particle retention limit, which will result in a system failure. This system is used to send the slurry to a settling pond for further treatment. = (5.875 x 3.1416 x 144) 144 x 132 Im afraid I am not sure exactly what you are describing. Clean by high-pressure spraying, if necessary. Use corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel or nickel alloy. This type of collector is best used in the collection of coarse of larger particles. Inspect dust discharge hopper to assure dust is removed. Also the short nature of the cleaning cycle also leads to a reduction in the recirculation and redeposit of dust. Other sticky compounds can attach themselves to the interior surfaces of the collector and cause blockages. Photos or sketches for the systems described would bemore convincig. In the process, the larger particles fall to the bottom of the chamber and can be collected from there. A digital sequential timer is attached to the one of the filter bags inside the Baghouse. Choosing the right Fan and Motor System requires a number of different factors to be taken into consideration including but not limited to: Volume required The specifics of the process are irrelevant, since the process does not allow for change in moisture content. Is there a reason why? Shut down fan, drain the system, and remove temporary strainers. However these fans are in most applications used only for clean air. Check liquid spray quantity and manifold pressure on mist eliminator automatic washdown.
There are four main systems that can be used to transport the collected material to holding there are: Screw conveyers it has simple structure and easy operation. Medium- to high-energy scrubbers (6 to 15) i shall be very thanked, what type of the machine can use to remove the dust from the filter bags of the precipitator. Check and repair wear zones in scrubbers, valves, piping, and ductwork. Record inlet and saturation temperature of gas stream. The slurry from the Wet Scrubbers is left to sit in a large pond or basin, allowing the captured particles to over time slowly settle to the bottom of the pond; afterwards the clean water is discharged. A few brief points are good to keep in mind during the installation process that can cause your real world values to change from the original design specifications: Elbows and bends near the fans discharge will increase the systems resistance thereby lowering your fans performance While it can be designed to remove a specific size range of particles, it still remains best used as a precleaner to eliminate coarse particles and ease the load on more efficient Dust Collectors further along in the system. However the larger particles continue to be carried by inertial force in a straight path coming in direct contact with the liquid. Assure that dust is being removed from system. While these are an effective filtration system one should note that they tend to be ineffective against fine particles as these tend to be redirected off of the water surface by the high surface tension. Unlike Baghouse collectors which feature the use of woven or felt filter bags, Cartridge Collectors use perforated metal cartridges that are cylindrical shaped and open on one or both ends lined with a pleated nonwoven filtering media. This design features a series of blades that extend straight out from the center hub. Another important design consideration is whether the Motor is one of these two enclosure designs: Drip Proof and Splash Proof Motor are types of Open Enclosed Motors, which use a kind of electric motor enclosure that has vents to allow airflow but to prevent liquids and solids from entering the motor. Record all system pressure drops under clean conditions. Have collection efficiencies in excess of 99% for all particulates, including sub-micron-sized particles, Do not respond well to process changes such as changes in gas temperature, gas pressure, gas flow rate, gaseous or chemical composition, dust loading, particulate size distribution, or electrical conductivity of the dust, Have lower pressure drop and therefore lower operating costs, Have a risk of explosion when gas stream contains combustibles, Can operate at high temperatures (up to 1200 F) and in colder climates, Can remove acids and tars (sticky dust) as well as corrosive materials, Require large space for high efficiency, and even larger space for dust with low or high resistivity characteristics, Allow increase in collection efficiency by increasing precipitator size, Require special precautions to protect personnel from exposure to high-voltage, Require highly skilled maintenance personnel, Forward curved impeller installed backwards, Change fan rotation by reversing two of the three leads on the motor, Impeller not centered with inlet collar(s), Make impeller and inlet collar(s) concentric, Increase fan speed by installing smaller diameter pulley, Elbows or other obstructions restricting airflow, Install straight length of ductwork, at least 4 to 6 duct diameters long, where possible, Increase fan speed to overcome this pressure loss, Remove obstruction or redesign ductwork near fan outlet, Projections, dampers, or other obstructions near fan outlet, Actual system more restrictive (more resistant to flow) than expected, Decrease systems resistance by redesigning ductwork, Open or adjust all dampers according to the design, Backward inclined impeller installed backwards (high horsepower), Install impeller as recommended by manufacturer, Redesign ductwork or add restrictions to increase resistance, System has less resistance to flow than expected, Reduce fan speed to obtain desired flow rate, Gas Density lower than anticipated (due to high temperature gases or high altitudes), Calculate gas flow rate at desired operating conditions by applying appropriate correction factors for high temperature or altitude conditions, Fan inlet and/or outlet conditions not same as tested, Backward inclined impeller installed backwards, Calculated horsepower requirements based on light gas (e.g., high temperature or high altitude) but actual gas is heavy (eg.,cold startup), Install outlet damper, which will open gradually until fan comes to its operating speed, Fan not operating at efficient point of rating, Motor too small and overload protector has broken circuit. When certain types of materials are fluidized into the air they become highly combustible. The cleaning mechanism can be one nearly identical to that of Plate Precipitators or it can be used as part of a Wet Static Precipitator system, wherein the sides of the Precipitator are flushed with water thereby cleaning them. When the Gas stream enters at the bottom of the Baghouse it is then forced up through the inside of the tubular filter bags, thereafter passing unto the airflow outlet at the top. To facilitate compliance with health and air emission standards. Multiple Cyclone systems. These can produce high static pressures relative to this type of fan. For processes generating hot, moist gases, preheat Baghouse to prevent moisture condensation, even if Baghouse is insulated. Again as with the other kinds of Inertial Separators, this systems main advantage is the lack of moving parts thus requiring less maintenance and repair. Verify accuracy of instruments and calibrate. The exact dangers and hazards of the contaminates to be captured, its potential as a public health risk or nuisance, site location, the allowable emission rate by the regulatory body for the given substance, characteristics of the dust, and any recyclable value. Baghouses (Fabric collectors) Tubular Precipitators operate in the same manner as Plate Precipitators however in a different configuration. If combustion process is used, allow hot, dry air to pass through cyclone for a few minutes after process shutdown to avoid condensation. Also to be considered is what type of drive system for the fan you plan to use. A standard 6 bag has a 5-7/8 diameter Use fan current to indicate gas flow. Baghouse.com is a leading manufacturer of baghouse dust collection systems and equipment with 40+ years of experience serving all industries. 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Further, for a high dust load system a great amount of dust storage is needed. Corrosive and other chemicals can erode certain metals and other materials used in the construction of many Collectors. Electric Motors are usually grouped as either Induction, or Synchronous designs.
Check scrubber pressure drop. The five principal types of industrial dust collectors that will be discussed in this article are: Cyclone Collectors (Inertial separators) 4. Disposal Methods Differences in disposal methods betweens different locations. 2. The three main different designs of Axial Flow Fans are: Propeller An Ionizing section to negatively charge the incoming particles 4. But these contain specially attached vanes that are designed to straighten the Gas stream as is passes through the fan. Induction designs are the only ones that are used in Dust Collection Systems today. Check multiclone interior for erosion, wear, corrosion, and improper gas and dust distribution. This fan type is most often employed in medium speed, high pressure, and medium airflow applications. After passing through a Mist eliminator the Gas stream is sent back into the system. Check compressed-air pressure. The bag filter has a high investment cost, and the temperature allowed is low (high temperature and easy to burn). Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Certain types of fittings such as elbows, mitered elbows and square ducts, can cause a nonuniform airflow which in turn will again lower performance When deciding on a final disposal method, one must remember that great care needs to exercised in order to avoid recirculation of the dust by the wind.
Fabric Collectors (commonly known as a Baghouse) are among the most widely used dust collection systems. These systems use a scrubbing liquid (usually water) to filter out finer dust particles. A Mechanical Shaker is a design where the filter bags are suspended from the top of the Baghouse by horizontal beams and fastened to a cell plate on the bottom. 
shaker, reverse, and pulse-jet)that are commonly used in most industrial processing and manufacturing applications. The stream separates and flows around the droplet. In a settling pond the captured particles are separated by means of the process of decantation. For chevron-type demisters, spray the water from above to clean the buildup. Check fan inlet and outlet pressure. Gas-liquid contact: This is the entire basis for the operation of this type of system. Unit Cyclone Collectors also operate on the same principles are the kind used in Central Collection Systems. This is used to list all of the specifications for the various fans produced by a certain manufacturer. Several high power Direct Current Discharge Electrodes are places inside the collector. The two most common types used in Dust Collection Systems are: Squirrel Cage Motors are generally used where a constant speed is desired As the Gas stream passes through the plates it is ionized by the Discharge Electrodes and then immediately deposited unto the collection plates. There are many different systems available to ensure a clean, and dry air supply. The surface of the filter bag is dusted so that the dust collector does not work properly. This collector has a relatively low efficiency compared to other kinds of Wet Scrubbers. 5. Check bleed flow. Wet Scrubbers are further categorized by pressure drop (in inches water gauge) as follows: Low-energy scrubbers (0.5 to 2.5) Over time a layer of cake dust is built up on the surface of the filter bags. Air Slides are widely used for light dust loads with nonabrasive materials.
Check gas saturation, liquid flows, liquid levels, fan pressure drop, duct pressure drops, and scrubber pressure drop. In addition this type of collector is also able to handle vapor collection, containing adhesive, sticky, radioactive, and extremely toxic compounds. In these environments, a baghousewill handle and most efficiently filter your dust laden air. 5. The fan blows air over the motor enclosure to provide additional cooling for the motor. i want to know how to get a dust discharging capacity of esp. Unit #5105 Verify accuracy of temperature-indicating equipment. The Gas stream enters in one side of the Scrubber and flows horizontally through it passing though the packing media and then exiting out the opposite side ft of cloth in the Baghouse. Line high-efficiency cyclone with refractor or erosion-resistant material.
A Settling Camber is a large box installed into the ductwork. Check screw conveyor for wear or abrasion. Air conveyers The Gas stream enters the Baghouse at the bottom and is forced through the outside to the inside of the filter bags after which the Gas stream exits the compartment from the outlet port at the top. Disconnect pump suction piping and flush it with water from an external source. When the Gas stream enters the collector it is rapidly redirected when it comes in contact with the water surface. Sometimes in because of this concern, and for easier transportation, the captured material is processed into pellets before final disposal. Overload protection needed for the particular motor. However a brief overview of the most common types will enable you to understand the basic operational procedures present in all of them. These collectors are best used when the dust source is isolated, portable or changes position often. As the airstream is spun around the collector, the particles strike the wall and fall into the hopper below. Video: How Much Does a Dust Collector Cost? Sounds like you might be describing a multi compartment dust collector. However in choosing which system will meet your needs the best, the following point should be considered: Dust concentration and Particle size Within any kind application the specific sizes and dust concentrations can vary enormously. Water vapor or steam can blind certain types of Filter Media. Once a system has been installed in the field, inevitably certain differences between design and field installation will require a field test to be done to find the exact measurements of static pressure and volume. Low Voltage Dual Stage Precipitators contain several grounded plates about one inch from each other with another intermediate plate that also contains a charge. It may be possible to obtain the same fan in different construction classes Your email address will not be published. They benefit from having the potential to be one of the most efficient (up to 99% of very fine particles) and cost effective dust collection systems you can choose. Clean and dry pneumatic lines associated with monitoring instrumentation. The only way to gain multiple ratings is by varying the speed and the blade setting. A Direct Drive fan is run directly off of a drive shaft from the motor, this provides for lower space needs, but places the fan at a constant unchangeable speed. Check slurry bleed concentration. This type of fan is commonly used in systems with low resistance levels. Total cloth area = 2,436 sq. Dynamic wet precipitators also called Wet Fan Scrubbers are a popular design used for medium energy scrubbing applications. In general, the process outlet is dry. Axial Flow Fans have blades that are mounted unto a center drive shaft.
The air enters into the side of the fan and then turns 90 and is accelerated and thrown out of the fan by means of centrifugal force. They induce the air to move parallel to the shaft the blades are mounted on by the screw-like action of the propellers. 4. At least once a month, measure airflow by conducting a pitot traverse across inlet to determine quantity and distribution of airflow. Backward Curved Blades What kind of load is going to be placed on the motor (fan and other drive mechanisms) and power company restrictions on cold starts. = (5-7/8 x 3.1416 x 144) 144 x 132 Placement in a landfill The size and distinct shape of some types of dust render certain collection methods useless. His articles have been published not only on Baghouse.com , but also on other industry related blogs and sites. Shut off makeup water and allow to bleed normally. Since it is necessary to shut down normal airflow to the Baghouse during the cleaning cycle, this type of Baghouse is normally compartmentalized so as to allow for only a partial shutdown of the system. 5. The patent I am looking at uses two dust collectors. This article has been designed to educate customers by giving a brief overview of all the Dust Collection Systems available today. Walk through system, listening for proper operation. The main disadvantages are that they are costly to operate, require a precleaner for any heavy dust loads, cause water pollution that then needs to be addressed, and can erode with high air velocities. Type of material to be handled through the fan (For example, a Radial Blade Fan should be used with fibrous material or heavy dust loads, and a nonsparking construction must be used with explosive or flammable materials.) Use inclined ducts to a liquid drain vessel. All of this can be done while the system is operating normally. In a Wet Cyclone Scrubber the Gas stream enters the collector and is then forced into a cyclone movement by the strategic placement of stationary scrubbing vanes. Again certain factors to consider in the use of a settling pond are that the water holding area can only be decanted in the warmer, dryer part of the year, and in most instances two settling ponds are needed to operate efficiently. Operate damper valves. Straight Radial Blades. If this is the case, rotary air locks, or tipping valves need to be used in order to maintain a positive air seal and thus avoid massive pressure loss that would be detrimental to the normal operation of the system. The hopper must be emptied of the collected dust on a regular basis to prevent overfilling. All electrostatic Precipitators have four main components: A Power supply to provide the system with electricity As the gases pass through the filters the dust particles are trapped on the filter media. High Inlet versus Low Inlet Baghouse Design, Constantly cleanedso there isminimaldust build up in the dust collector, Cannot be used when there is humidity of high moisture content present, Cannot handle high temperatures (unless you use special, Units are typically compartmentalized into sections which allows them to be cleaned without shutting off theentire baghouse, Not space efficient (takes up a large area). This system while able to transport great amounts of material has the downside of only being able to do so in a horizontal direction. The main advantage of this Baghouse is that it does not require a shutdown of any kind to run a cleaning cycle. Start liquid flow to all pump glands and fan sprays. These collectors control contamination at their source. Check vibration of fan for buildup or bleeds. Also like a Settling Chamber its relatively simple design and low maintenance needs make it an excellent choice for the beginning of any large scale collection system. This step is crucial in order for a proper fan system to be selected. Check gaskets, valves, and other openings for leakage. This type of collector is rarely used as the primary dust collector due to its large space requirements, and low efficiency. 3172 N. Rainbow Blvd. In his spare time, Dominick writes about travel and life abroad for various travel sites and blogs. This bag is 12 long 1. Check all moving parts in shaker mechanism. Centrifugal Collectors. What Kind Of Dust Collector Is Right For Me? As the Gas stream flows through the tube it is first ionized by the Discharge Electrode in the center, and then the charged particles are attracted to the inside of the positively charged tube. How would you configure a desiccant dryer and tank for the air supply to a baghouse? While Belt Driven fan, which uses a belt to flywheel configuration needs more space, it can allow for the fan speed to be easily changed which is vital for some applications. The three types of Inertial Separators are: Settling Chambers They are also very well suited for the collection of fine dust particles as well as materials like acids and tars which other system may have difficulty with. We usually leave that up to each plant for finding the best methods. 
A detailed explanation of the benefits and drawbacks of each type of system can be found in further articles on Baghouse.com. | Dominick DalSanto is an Author & Environmental Technologies Expert, specializing in Dust Collection Systems. Check pressure drop. Whether any corrosive materials are going to be handled and what protective coatings may be needed Check packing glands. Low Voltage Dual Stage Precipitators have the advantages of being highly efficient, the possibility of a self contained washing system, and a longer service life since cleaning is only required on a monthly basis. 7. With a Reverse Jet or Pulse Jet Baghouse, the same basic design is found as in the other types of Baghouse design, however, with a few very important differences. For certain applications, Unit Collectors are a better choice for a facilities needs than a conventional Central Collection System. Check drive belts for wear and tension. This Baghouse has a relatively low Air to Cloth Ratio requiring large amounts of space. Air enters at the bottom of the collector where it first makes contact with the water in the recirculation tank. Once all of the preceding material has been examined, the final step in the selection of the proper fan for your system is to consult a Fan Rating Table. 6.
Some examples of instances where this type of collector might be useful are dust-producing operations, such as bins and silos or remote belt-conveyor transfer points. Ability of fan to accommodate small changes in total pressure while maintaining the necessary air volume Semiannually. While this type of collect can be used in applications where particle sizes are large and only a rough air filtration is desired, the main usage for this type of collector is as a precleaner, to remove larger particles and debris and avoid overloading and damaging more efficient dust collectors. 
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